Company Description and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
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| Company Description and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Company Description and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
Nature of Business
Ocuphire Pharma, Inc. (together with its subsidiary OcuSub, Inc., the
"Company" or "Ocuphire”) is a clinical-stage ophthalmic biopharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing therapies for the treatment of several eye disorders. The Company’s pipeline currently includes two small molecule product candidates targeting front and back of the eye indications. The Company’s lead product candidate, Nyxol® Eye Drops
(“Nyxol”), is a once-daily eye drop formulation of phentolamine mesylate designed to reduce pupil diameter and improve visual acuity. The Company’s second product candidate, APX3330, is a twice-a-day oral tablet, designed to target multiple
pathways relevant to retinal and choroidal vascular diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy (“DR”) and diabetic macular edema (“DME”). The Company has also in-licensed additional second-generation product candidates, analogs of APX3330,
including APX2009 and APX2014.
The Company has sustained operating losses since inception and expects
such losses to continue indefinitely until a sustained revenue source is realized. Management plans to continue financing the Company’s operations primarily through additional issuances of the Company’s equity and debt securities. If
adequate funds are not available, the Company may be required to delay, reduce the scope of, or eliminate part or all of its research and development programs.
Reverse Merger with Rexahn
On June 17, 2020, Ocuphire, Rexahn Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Rexahn”), and
Razor Merger Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of Rexahn (“Merger Sub”), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization, as amended on June 29, 2020 (as amended, the “Merger Agreement”), pursuant
to which, among other things, and subject to the satisfaction or waiver of certain conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, Merger Sub would merge with and into Ocuphire, with Ocuphire continuing as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Rexahn
and the surviving corporation of the merger (the “Merger”). The Merger closed on November 5, 2020. Upon completion of the Merger, Rexahn changed its name to Ocuphire Pharma, Inc. and changed its ticker symbol on the Nasdaq Capital Market
to "OCUP".
The Company’s headquarters is located in Farmington Hills, Michigan.
COVID-19
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of
COVID-19 as a global pandemic. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, Ocuphire has experienced, and will likely continue to experience, disruptions in its manufacturing, supply chain, research and development operations, clinical enrollment,
regulatory process, financial position and financing terms. The global outbreak of COVID-19 continues to rapidly evolve. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic may impact Ocuphire’s business and preclinical and clinical trials will
depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence, such as the duration of the outbreak, travel restrictions and social distancing in the U.S. and other countries, business closures or
business disruptions and the effectiveness of actions taken in the U.S. and other countries to contain and treat the disease. Although Ocuphire cannot estimate the length or gravity of the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak at this time, if
the pandemic continues, it may have a material adverse effect on Ocuphire’s results of future operations, financial position, and liquidity over the next 12 or more months.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying condensed financial statements have been prepared by the Company, without
audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted
accounting principles (GAAP) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations.
The December 31, 2020 condensed balance sheet was derived from audited financial statements,
and may not include all disclosures required by GAAP; however, the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. These unaudited condensed financial statements should be read in
conjunction with the audited financial statements and the notes thereto for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.
In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments
that are necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods, have been made. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the operating
results for the full fiscal year or any future periods.
The condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company include a subsidiary, OcuSub,
Inc., which is wholly owned by the Company. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in the preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements.
All of the share and per share amounts presented were adjusted, on a retroactive basis, to
reflect the exchange of each share of Ocuphire pre-Merger (“Private Ocuphire”) into 1.0565 shares of the Company (the “Exchange
Ratio”), except for par value and share authorizations of Private Ocuphire for periods presented prior to the Merger.
Going Concern
The Company’s ability to continue operating as a going concern is contingent upon, among other
things, its ability to secure additional financing and to achieve and maintain profitable operations. The Company plans to issue additional equity instruments and possibly debt to finance operating and working capital requirements. While
the Company expects to obtain the additional financing that is needed, there is no assurance that the Company will be successful in obtaining the necessary funding for future operations. These factors raise substantial doubt as to the
Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of these uncertainties.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original
maturity of 90 days or less at the time of deposit to be cash equivalents.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk consist of cash and
cash equivalents. The Company’s cash is held by one financial institution in the United States. Amounts on deposit may at times exceed federally insured limits. Management believes that the financial institution is financially sound, and
accordingly, minimal credit risk exists with respect to the financial institution. As of June 30, 2021, the Company had deposits that exceeded federally insured amounts by $23.9 million.
Common Stock Valuation
Prior to the close of the Merger, due to the absence of an active market for Private
Ocuphire’s common stock, the Company utilized methodologies in accordance with the framework of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants’ Technical Practice Aid, Valuation of Privately-Held
Company Equity Securities Issued as Compensation, to estimate the fair value of Private Ocuphire common stock. The valuation methodology included estimates and assumptions that required the Company’s judgment. These estimates and
assumptions included a number of objective and subjective factors, including external market conditions affecting the biotechnology industry sector, and the likelihood of achieving a liquidity event, such as an initial public offering
(“IPO”), reverse merger or sale. Significant changes to the key assumptions used in the valuations resulted in different fair values of common stock at each valuation date.
Allowances for Doubtful Accounts
The Company records a provision for doubtful accounts, when appropriate, based on historical experience and a detailed assessment of the collectability of its accounts receivable. In estimating the allowance for doubtful
accounts, the Company considers, among other factors, the aging of the accounts receivable, its historical write-offs, the credit worthiness of each customer, and general economic conditions. Account balances are charged off against the
allowance when the Company believes that it is probable that the receivable will not be recovered. Actual write-offs may be in excess of the Company’s estimated allowance.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Revenue Recognition
The Company follows the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The guidance provides a five step model to determine how
revenue is recognized. The Company has entered into license agreements which have revenue recognition implications. (See Note 5 – Collaboration License Agreements.)
In determining the appropriate amount of revenue to be recognized, the Company performs the following steps: (i) identification of the contracts with a
customer; (ii) determination of the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) measurement of the transaction price, including potential constraints on variable consideration; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the
performance obligations based on estimated stand-alone selling prices; and (v) recognition of revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation.
A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or
service to the customer and is the unit of account in ASC 606. Performance obligations may include license rights, development services, and services associated with regulatory submission and approval processes. Significant management
judgment is required to determine the level of effort required under an arrangement and the period over which the Company expects to complete its performance obligations under the arrangement. If the Company cannot reasonably estimate
when its performance obligations are either completed or become inconsequential, then revenue recognition is deferred until the Company can reasonably make such estimates. Revenue is then recognized over the remaining estimated period
of performance using the cumulative catch-up method.
As part of the accounting for these arrangements, the Company must develop assumptions that require judgment to determine the stand-alone selling price
of each performance obligation identified in the contract. The Company uses key assumptions to determine the stand-alone selling price, which may include forecasted revenues, development timelines, reimbursement rates for personnel costs,
discount rates and probabilities of technical and regulatory success. The Company allocates the total transaction price to each performance obligation based on the estimated relative standalone selling prices of the promised goods or
service underlying each performance obligation.
Licenses of intellectual property: If the license to the Company’s intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance
obligations identified in the arrangement, the Company recognizes revenues from non-refundable, up-front fees allocated to the license when the license is transferred to the customer, and the customer can use and benefit from the license.
For licenses that are bundled with other promises, the Company utilizes judgment to assess the nature of the combined performance obligation to determine whether the combined performance obligation is satisfied over time or at a point in
time and, if over time, the appropriate method of measuring progress for purposes of recognizing revenue from non-refundable, up-front fees. The Company evaluates the measure of progress each reporting period and, if necessary, adjusts
the measure of performance and related revenue recognition.
Milestone payments: At the inception of each arrangement that includes milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether the milestones are considered
probable of being achieved and estimates the amount to be included in the transaction price using the most likely amount method. If it is probable that a significant revenue reversal would not occur, the value of the associated milestone
(such as a regulatory submission) is included in the transaction price. Milestone payments that are not within the control of the Company, such as approvals from regulators, are not considered probable of being achieved until such contingency occurs (such as receipt of those
approvals). When the Company’s assessment of probability of achievement changes and variable consideration becomes probable, any additional estimated consideration is allocated to each performance obligation based on the
estimated relative standalone selling prices of the promised goods or service underlying each performance obligation and recorded in license, collaboration, and other revenues based upon when the customer obtains control of each element.
Royalties: For arrangements that include sales-based royalties, including milestone payments based on the level of sales, and the license is deemed
to be the predominant item to which the royalties relate, the Company recognizes revenue at the later of (a) when the related sales occur, or (b) when the performance obligation to which some or all of the royalty has been allocated has
been satisfied (or partially satisfied).
Segment Information
Operating segments are components of an enterprise for which separate financial information
is available and is evaluated regularly by the Company’s chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and assessing performance. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is its Chief Executive Officer. The
Company’s Chief Executive Officer views the Company’s operations and manages its business in one operating segment, which is
the business of development and commercialization of products related to vision performance and health. Accordingly, the Company has a single reporting segment.
Fair Value Measurements
The Company follows accounting guidance that emphasizes that fair value is a market-based
measurement, not an entity-specific measurement. Fair value is defined as “the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.”
Fair value measurements are defined on a three-level hierarchy:
Level 1 inputs: Unadjusted quoted prices for identical
assets or liabilities in active markets;
Level 2 inputs: Quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices in markets that are not
active, or inputs which are observable, whether directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; and
Level 3
inputs: Unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the
measurement date.
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the fair
values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable prepaid and other assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximated their carrying values because of the short-term nature of these assets or liabilities. The estimated fair
value of the Company’s convertible notes while outstanding were based on amortized cost which was deemed to approximate fair value. The fair value of the warrant liabilities and premium conversion derivatives, while outstanding, were based
on cash flow models discounted at current implied market rates evidenced in recent arms-length transactions representing expected returns by market participants for similar instruments and were based on Level 3 inputs. There were no transfers between fair value hierarchy levels during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020.
The fair value of financial instruments measured on a
recurring basis is as follows (in thousands):
The following table provides a roll-forward of the
warrant liabilities and premium conversion derivatives measured at fair value on a recurring basis using unobservable level 3 inputs for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):
There were no financial instruments measured on a non-recurring basis for any of the periods presented.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses”. The ASU sets forth a “current expected credit loss” (“CECL”) model which requires the Company to measure all expected credit
losses for financial instruments held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable supportable forecasts. This replaces the existing incurred loss model and is applicable to the measurement of
credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost and applies to some off-balance sheet credit exposures. Recently, the FASB issued the final ASU to delay adoption for smaller reporting companies to calendar year 2023. The
Company is currently assessing the impact of the adoption of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.
In August 2020, FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s
Own Equity, which, among other things, provides guidance on how to account for contracts on an entity’s own equity. This ASU eliminates the beneficial conversion and cash conversion accounting models for convertible instruments.
It also amends the accounting for certain contracts in an entity’s own equity that are currently accounted for as derivatives because of specific settlement provisions. In addition, this ASU modifies how particular convertible instruments
and certain contracts that may be settled in cash or shares impact the diluted EPS computation. The amendments in this ASU are effective for smaller reporting companies (as defined by the SEC) for fiscal years beginning after December 15,
2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2020-06 on its consolidated
financial statements.
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